CHAPTER 5. United Nations Missions in South Sudan (UNMISS): Peace Building, and Monitoring of 1983-2005 CPA Agreement in Naivasha in Kenya, stories

 The UNMISS were sent and dispatched on the mission to monitor the 1983-2005 Comprehensive Peace Agreement (CPA) protocol mandate in South Sudan.  And they were dispatched on the peacebuilding consignments to South Sudan. Of course, they were sent for Protection of Civilians (POC) as stipulated in UN Charter book Chapter VII after the Civil Wars torn Country of South Sudan signed agreements with Old Sudan in 2005 in both Naivasha, and Machakos in Kenya. They were meant to stop interim power struggles between the South Sudan, and Old Sudan in 2005 in Naivasha, Kenya. And yet, the Protection of Civilians (POC) has had become their focal points as UNMISS arrived in the South Sudan’s soils in 2005. Therefore, they have had placed 2005 CPA Agreement as their top priority in the United Nations’ Charter book Chapter VII administration’s peacebuilding in Africa.

As UNMIS arrived in South Sudan after long deliberation and contemplations, they found South Sudan and North Sudan’s Joint Integrated Unit (JIU) forces fused together. And they are stationed in the Abyei border on the mission to protect 2005 CPA Agreements’ protocol mandate. These JIU forces were like ad hoc forces in the South Sudan’s Government of National Unity (GONU) to which they later dissolved after 2011 referendum election. In 2011 this was the referendum vote, where the Republics of South Sudan, had seceded from Old Sudan by fifty plus-minus margin of errors, and voter turnouts of Plurality Representations (PR) elections. Although these JIU forces were serving in the area of Abyei territory, Nuba Mountains, and Blue Nile area, they were meant to serve without their vested interests. And as citizenship was required, these UNMISS peacekeeping forces were drawn from International Communities to South Sudan in Africa. And they were also drawn from North Sudan. They unlikely expected to put keep their peacekeeping mission together. Regionally and Internationally, they have had brokered the 2005 CPA peace deals as it is stipulated in the January 9^th, 2005 Naivasha in Kenya CPA six protocol mandates of IGAD green book manual. This potential factor within JIU forces, alluded that the UNMISS peacekeeping and building forces are expected to bridge this hidden agenda factor. This might lead to Sudan’s Civil Wars again. It should be seen as catastrophically, direly, and unspeakably violation of 2005 CPA six protocol mandates for 2011 referendum votes after they had served their six(6) years terms interval.

The UNMISS did not come to resolve domestic violences. However, they came to monitor 1983-2005 CPA Agreements’ protocol mandates, which are stipulated in the Inter-governmental Authority and Development (IGAD) green book manual. Although they go from one state to other within South Sudan, they were not meant to stop domestic violences. They unlikely interfered and confronted any South Sudan’s 10 States of Jonglei State, Upper Nile State, Unity State, Warrap State, Lakes State, Northern Bhar-el-Ghazel State, Western Bhar-el-Ghazel State, Central Equatorial State, Eastern Equatorial State, and Western Equatorial State, where domestic violence, devastated.  This was extremely rampaged atrocities over cattle rustling, children abduction, and women kidnappings. Murle ethnic group from Pibor County, Jonglei State in South Sudan became a distressing scapegoats in this domestic violences. And it was pinpointed out that in every States like Jonglei state, Upper Nile State, and Unity State of Upper Nile regions that Murle Ethnic groups are worst intruders in keeping domestic violence go skyrocketing.  Both States of Jonglei State, and Lake State in the riparian of river Nile basins had become the pivotal victims in this domestic violence to which the both UNMISS and South Sudan’s SPLA Army forces compiled in their databases. They daily make reports on this shocking domestic violence during the 2013 South Sudan’s Post Civil Wars.

This domestic violence to which Murle ethnic group were reported as a criminal intruders, and highly problematics in Jonglei State’s peace of minds. And the citizens’ public safety, and tranquility became a priority among the UNMIS administrations and government of South Sudan. Question, it became on how to stop these ongoing domestic violences to which single ethnic group like Murle Ethnic groups, and Nuer Ethnic groups are negatively stigmatized as optimum dangerous to the welfare of people in South Sudan. And they are officially compiled, but their issues are defied to the conventions by NGOS in South Sudan. They probably defied this ethnic cleansing issue, to which actions are instigated by local ethnic groups within Jonglei State, Warrap State, and Lake State in South Sudan in Africa.

Local people from Twic East County, Jonglei State, South Sudan’s testimonial, stories

Awak Bior Diing once said

I saw UNMIS soldiers back in 2005 when 1983-2005 CPA Agreement was signed. And yet, I have had never seen them, again. I did not ask why they were here for. Perhaps, they came for peace buildings. They drove by for peace keepings. There was still 2005 South Sudan, and Sudan’s CPA Peace dividends. Their instigating actions are probably premature. The UNMIS only are stationed in the village/Town of Panyagor in South Sudan. However, they did not walk to this village here in the village/Town of Pawel within Kongor Payam districts in Twic East County, Jonglei State in South Sudan. And I did not know whether they headed to other villages, or not rather than this village of ours. I was so curious to see them. And maybe I should greet them, or shake their hands if they ever come to our village.

On the question of ‘local Peace Initiative’, Awak Bior Diing once said

Peace was done or made between Dinka community, and Nuer community. Since there was historical tension on cattle stealing, this might have had dated back to between 1991 and 1993 the Nuer Ethnic groups’ tribal clashes. They both used to point fingers across on themselves to which they decided to settle cases in 2003. The Churches and local Payam Chiefs from both Communities have had called for Peace initiative so that they stop the problems of cattle raiding apart from the ongoing of frequently Murle tensions of cattle raiding primarily in Jonglei state in South Sudan. Well, they agreed to settle cases of cattle raiding. And they both said that they will handle that, but later in few years after the contingent issue of cattle raiding have had resumed again until now. We never had pin-down nobody. And we do not know cattle raiders whether they might still come from the Nuer community, or not. We have had drafted a Peace initiative with them.

Ajang Nyuop Bol once shared his testimonies

On my way to the village/Town of Panyagor, I saw two (2) big trucks carrying UNMISS peace building troops heading to the village of Pawel in South Sudan. Probably, they were proceeding for village/Town of Bor in Jonglei State in South Sudan. There were two (2) heavy caravans, five (10) convoy trucks, and one (1) fuel tank. Of course, they might be monitoring the 2011 referendum. Since people are contemplating for six(6) years term’s secession votes, they will decide to vote whether to secede from Sudan, or vote for unifications of Sudan. The South Sudan has a historical trend of fighting for Sudan’s two decade of Civil Wars.

Major Ayuen Anek, SPLA Force, who was stationed in the village/Town of Panyagor in Twic East County, Jonglei State in South Sudan, once said

I saw UNMIS delegation and their peacekeeping forces as well. They were likely heading to the office of 2011 referendum, but we did not have joint Mission operations’ activities to protect civilians. Of course, they are working in 2011 peace dividend, where they will keep monitoring the 2005 CPA Agreements’ peace buildings. However, the Twic East County commissioner, Mr. Dau Akoi Jurkuch, who is the Australian-naturalized citizens once said that he knows more about UNMISS delegations in the areas now and before. He told me that he has had seen them. And he greeted them as well. It was one time when I saw them with their vehicles and fighting tanks heading to the Ayod County in Upper Nile State in South Sudan passed Duk County, Jonglei State in South Sudan.

Twic East County Commissioner Dau Akoi asserted

I always meet with UNMISS delegation with their forces and even today I had a genuine contact with UNMISS in person. For instance, on the January 9^th, 2011, around seventh (7) UNMIS delegation stopped by my office. And of course, they come regularly before even now, and then. During the 2011 referendum, we sought the protection of local people and monitoring of 2005 CPA peace dividends. In addition, the UNMIS delegation can’t do anything with domestic issues such as livestock raiding, which has a highest bubbles and child abduction combined. It is none of their business. And we only worked with local police forces for law enforcements in South Sudan. We can do that to protect and report 2005 CPA Agreements’ violations, and/or incidents. We do not know what is happening in the ground with the civilians within Twic East County in Jonglei State in South Sudan. Perhaps, the UNMIS can only report it if they happen to hear the problem.